Crime
Kirk’s ‘Ontogeny of Criminalistics’ revisited under the lens of the Sydney Declaration
Criminalistics is the application of scientific techniques and principles to solve crimes and support law enforcement investigations. It involves the analysis of physical evidence found at crime scenes, such as fingerprints, DNA, hair, fibers, drugs, and firearms. Here’s a brief overview of some key areas within criminalistics:
Forensic Biology: Analyzing biological evidence, such as blood, hair, and other bodily fluids, to identify individuals or determine their presence at a crime scene.
Forensic Chemistry: Identifying and analyzing chemical substances, including drugs, explosives, and toxic substances.
Forensic Toxicology: Testing biological samples (like blood or urine) to detect poisons, drugs, or other harmful substances.
Forensic Odontology: Examining dental records and bite marks to identify individuals and analyze injuries.
Forensic Pathology: Determining the cause and manner of death by examining deceased bodies.
Ballistics: Studying firearms and ammunition, including bullet trajectories and gunshot residue, to link weapons to crimes.
Digital Forensics: Recovering and analyzing data from electronic devices like computers, smartphones, and storage media.
Trace Evidence: Analyzing small materials like fibers, glass, and soil that can link suspects or objects to crime scenes.
Criminalistics plays a crucial role in modern criminal justice systems, providing objective evidence that can help solve crimes and ensure justice
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